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- }7 J$ C, X: Z9 u; Y# A( AIntegral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
/ J) Q5 t) j) p% T- ^ d" O l) @Table of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
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Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
* G4 C7 Y* U$ h% r1 @6 w8 Z# C5 i; @SECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
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1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
( i* B& ~4 D! R3 C/ Y) r1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
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1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
( i) w& w7 z* b6 }1 |+ D1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
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1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
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SECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
2 i; U B4 k8 |0 p$ R2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
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2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
9 }2 Z* d3 A5 Y2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
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2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
& r1 P% I: d; H. V2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
. g7 M b+ J9 s" w/ v" V: ^# ]- j2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
/ p; Z$ ]3 l& i. ^2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
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2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
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2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
$ d5 W$ L( t3 i) \" f! I2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
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2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
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SECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
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3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
! w0 n! y$ ]2 {3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
, p2 }2 U7 C7 }2 k' w3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
; I' a' s8 T2 L9 M3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
( g9 v% I4 }1 D# j1 V3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
+ d3 P% e' c/ bSECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
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4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
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4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
# ]( s& H1 N2 R0 d4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
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4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
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4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
3 Z) M! J4 m. C7 W. m4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
. ~7 E8 q d* X* a; G' D6 F4 Z4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
( l5 u3 X+ S7 u0 q: K3 f, {. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
) l5 k' x& A. @0 nviii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
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4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
- |$ O- j, L2 R* Q5 ]8 N4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
" y# X2 S4 Q2 t/ K9 p B( Z4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
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4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
7 h; V5 D: y) S" g/ `5 ?% ]' M4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
0 B" E" U/ A1 q) a2 S4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
) ?) ~1 J8 L4 A4 @ [7 Q4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
* a; D D/ m Y( g7 f4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
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4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
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4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
) f# G. A5 x- c4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
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4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
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SECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
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5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
2 w9 l, O `6 k2 o8 x5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
& e9 I* H. c0 Z+ \5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
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5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
! p/ ~; R4 l) v, @+ x( T5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
7 [; o, B- s8 [0 S5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
5 _/ `* F% L3 W' e9 |SECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
. p4 f* ~4 o' X" @6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
5 R) [) R% D$ H5 N% _; Z( s l% fSECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
8 w8 Y2 ?4 {' K7 u7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
5 k7 J+ C5 l0 _) fSECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
, I, w6 x/ E7 x: Z$ A X# ~8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
& l# j4 J* {# A0 v( mSECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
0 R! v; b6 J" l4 u9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
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SECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
. F3 y6 O% {6 w, P5 k0 l10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
- k+ x% h2 }7 |7 ?+ b10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
" {3 M4 G3 j( Q: [4 ~10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
2 N5 N R! L) z' S- x10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
u+ n* h' ~$ M: c/ s9 ^& U10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
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10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
& X' ?/ [ l/ C) L4 k( h/ s10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
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10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
$ T: j" @0 j2 d% q10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
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10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
, B6 k" U M2 {9 `5 m/ z8 [10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
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10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
, F/ I* c/ @, V8 r0 s6 W: l2 {. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
' m9 J3 B; m6 `4 M/ a0 YVermont Agency of Transportation
+ R' y( d7 e, M4 d# U. A1 | ~TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
4 j% I; \4 _% N k; L8 a9 Z10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
# r* s# v# O7 L: I0 ^: E+ ?10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
# z2 N* Y% C% b. h* f9 I1 \$ M10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
# e# k6 @9 B2 a, S! S3 s2 K0 K2 D+ N10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
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10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
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10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
/ I7 }2 ^5 p5 c4 j. s# M E3 y10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
) t/ d* d% T8 p# \5 ]9 _, K2 v2 d4 _SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
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11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
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SECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
: x0 E3 G9 q2 `$ A" m, w, V) ^12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
7 m# C3 i. ]2 p0 ^3 V9 G2 C8 }! ]SECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
# q; I& A; t% V' F& m* y# S, S13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
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SECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
/ b5 J4 W+ T: |14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
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SECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
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SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
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16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
1 ] Q6 t; c2 G- T. J& f+ H16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
8 a/ C( g U% h16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
! @ ]- B) R" L! _, X3 ]16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
5 G& \! v/ b7 K# |16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
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Appendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
* q/ f" S I2 v; `Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
8 d3 k1 ~- c8 V, ]+ U8 y$ UNotes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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