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. a% Y! E& ^$ n, jIntegral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
; M" k5 V% ?' f% V* KTable of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
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Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
( J/ v! k7 i& gSECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
2 B# h; ? l/ i& B4 ^3 P; A, }1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
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1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
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1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
$ ]' \5 ^( }7 J3 X4 Y: W1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
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1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
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SECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
9 H# O& ]: e* S7 |: ?& I6 z$ i2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
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2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
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2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
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2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
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2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
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2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
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2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
0 G/ L% N s6 G7 g1 e8 c& w6 K- w2 h4 a0 s2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
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2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
# E8 [6 @) P# K8 V2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
j" c) h+ k2 j( ~2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
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SECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
4 |3 c& S$ \% H' O/ @& B) H3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
" k( G7 y- T3 y! f2 c3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
1 w) B8 q7 F; p# ? @3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
0 V7 h8 Y9 r1 u4 |" T/ D& w# u3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
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3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
) e& `/ E% U9 k+ Y3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
/ W5 r+ S' Z4 {6 `4 ^) f3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
7 [9 g6 R* O- I6 _. O; J( PSECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
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4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
; M- x2 {1 a' M' |, K- V4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
& f/ g% ]6 O3 a* y( O1 L5 \4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
2 ]$ _- E6 b$ s; q1 [3 W; A4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
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4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
7 O# `$ N, F6 G! R! S$ J- c8 j4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
$ O1 M- S5 i! b6 a$ L4 l8 s4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
W9 T6 @ _& D$ P4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
0 v0 U d" a7 R9 b4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
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4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
' W4 Q! E1 v5 X: ~) q4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
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viii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
$ Z* c% w7 \& x3 ?% ~; z) k) H4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
. S* \2 c6 E4 D+ n8 V" D- h4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
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4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
% @" \! E+ R: o6 O5 g4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
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4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
% u' H5 J! @1 w2 w4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
' x) ]+ b! v$ F3 P2 k+ {9 ?; A4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
: Y) [! K) m" O! p+ U2 T) [' [4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
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4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
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SECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
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5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
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5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
: L/ e1 c, H. \ |7 q3 q5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
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5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
# y- [$ Y7 w2 R3 ~! Y E' R5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
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5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
, e4 t* s/ Q: H0 Q! [SECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
. e& \/ l# a4 V, e" ~5 W `6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
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SECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
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7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
' G [ M" L- nSECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
' h3 B. O$ Q- m+ R6 P6 n8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
) ]+ a* n3 I m( M$ X& aSECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
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9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
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SECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
. Q4 m. ^( u: L5 T10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
# l1 O+ I" `9 C3 u: e" A10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
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10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
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10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
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10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
! }. c% i4 f1 h10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
2 o- _* r* r, i! A10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
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10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
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10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
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10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
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10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
* M& G2 |& ?% sTABLE OF CONTENTS ix
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10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
" l/ p( q! D; j6 g8 U( p2 X10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
7 m9 U3 t$ z+ e8 v7 v10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
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10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
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10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
+ r: Y" E/ y2 p4 Y; D9 I10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
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10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
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SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
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11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
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SECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
3 a& |# ]% p% O3 X$ O12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
) Y+ \; a, r5 x: Y& s6 rSECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
6 M. `! }! r9 ]; v/ f! [13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
1 `' Y: z0 }3 jSECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
5 G5 W! d# X1 d# W+ c6 J9 Y14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
. P; F! r# i( Z5 wSECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
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SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
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16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
4 L3 X# I! o, U. d n16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
; Y' Y! A/ [* r# o& P7 n16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
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Appendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
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Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
, `) U. V. G! cNotes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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