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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)
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Integral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines.pdf
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. A) h, U9 h/ W# E( X& W/ UTABLE OF CONTENTS
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Table of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
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Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
- l8 z5 V p/ v% P: v0 ~SECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
' i/ n F9 Z2 G! t0 T% ~+ `1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1
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1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
8 |# d3 ?6 t8 k' K% v5 c1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
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1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
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1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-3
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SECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
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2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1
9 z/ ]% P U. K- `- V2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
6 v3 b. Z6 l+ X3 C* ^/ B2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
8 [! \6 J* M% x, p! l* ~( e/ r2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
6 |0 z( P" Q( f6 R' M' G' @2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
3 [6 |. h" K, ]8 U/ t. W! s' V2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3
, m; b4 g8 V5 m0 |( Q! q2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3
! {% }3 @ l7 i0 |2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
- P. s0 s* `) W6 p: V2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-5
+ k5 K# p/ z" e7 F: t2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
$ S& p- l* z! Z. `3 E& o1 q, Y2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
" }$ \& Z( }1 K6 v# ?& c5 A2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
8 b! T* m0 _# XSECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
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3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1
0 a, |0 X0 L$ q; K" N+ _$ I3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
1 B$ @, x6 V& O: d- m3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
, y- J# T V' R. @3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1
# p, ~$ s+ C' t* J3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1
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3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2
: f( s4 p. T U( [7 T3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2
7 n% E, {2 O* v1 N) h* z. l [0 G7 e3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
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3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2
- [& A9 k/ I i0 B1 fSECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1
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4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
% ]$ [' S! F: j4 C2 y' S$ N6 [5 J8 Z& ]4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
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4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
2 {; c t5 {( g z* V m1 C4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1
: B' d# y+ ~/ ^! {2 j4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2
1 c# {% P% I* h. Z' v- G* E4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-2
7 ~# V u# u' S, ^4 G9 ^% Y9 t4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
: ~$ p2 x5 Z9 U, Q4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
8 {( U" @& u, V. Q' z- i4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3
9 v; {5 U, H1 y) K8 C, @' y( m W. C6 ^4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3
# f/ |% z& @% M6 F4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
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viii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
) Z3 k- N& g, g- M7 c* v4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-4
; ~3 e- ^3 |0 j/ e8 _& `4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4
- M% b' M9 |+ P' @! `1 s" u4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
( \: l9 Q8 r5 m' V' n) |4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-9
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4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
% j$ R' j( p; q4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-11
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4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-11
1 e3 o: _! c7 J b% K# Q4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11
1 O: G/ a. h9 @; y1 }4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
% g4 ?/ w5 ~) F) h0 z2 r( {) u4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12
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4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
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4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
" L9 }5 A( A- n9 P9 K- m4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
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4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
5 ~" _3 ]/ p! r, z& R- c4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16
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SECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
* `. @ W5 P% c, [5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
" R% f$ c7 _0 e1 i }$ Q5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
4 V3 @# w t4 | f( k i0 V# z. s5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1
* P/ D+ }, ?+ L2 v0 H5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
5 I5 w% Q" @8 S5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
& v; Y. h$ k! z* j5 R& n: f5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
4 _7 V, C% R/ a4 z6 G- U5 @0 mSECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
. A) g9 ?! E; x: l. y6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1
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6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
% D3 w! N [- Y: I7 M5 sSECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1
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7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-1
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SECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1
$ L3 j% a3 c& y! w8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
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SECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1
) M8 h- ?' M. m9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
) c# b6 [7 e. X. Q) eSECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-1
# ^$ G6 Z9 K& ?/ |4 {10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
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10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1
$ h: d/ C* B' Y: J4 ~! {10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
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10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
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10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1
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10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
; T5 I$ t6 Q% q& L v2 m x ^10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
4 K6 J8 P( O2 ^$ q10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-2
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10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
9 n9 [- s, t+ `' {10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2
1 v: s' h3 C1 w j: K! _3 s: m" s5 S10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2
# f+ Y& l8 Z" i0 }2 Q" \10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3
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10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-3
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10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3
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10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
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. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
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Vermont Agency of Transportation
/ _3 R7 R, O. A: N6 bTABLE OF CONTENTS ix
" i& m$ ]8 d1 Q6 c10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
: N& Q9 l- Z. l1 Y0 J10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-4
, g$ J' @3 }. R10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
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10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-5
: ^" v% V% M( h2 ^" t10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5
7 ~2 Q1 ^* a# k. N% d10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-5
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10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-6
- E. h+ I- c& OSECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
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11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
) g/ z N% A; i9 D6 ISECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1
* G3 h- \5 X1 X$ ?' I4 \# t12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
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SECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
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13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1
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SECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
' }+ T) u' j# S14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
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SECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-1
8 i; x- ]$ b! _/ d/ D, Y, m" }SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-1
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16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-1
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16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1
j. X. e% T% p, C& N. K6 g16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
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16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
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16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
+ c; H7 {. x6 I+ u3 Q16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-2
8 E) w! h1 |% D' U16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-3
- Z0 c6 X' T' A& qAppendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................1
7 v3 F& e3 w7 b$ S6 I+ q4 IAppendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................1
4 d$ f6 G5 g% tNotes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-1
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