Integral Abutment Bridge Design 的几篇文献

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" J5 x+ S/ a/ l( W: a- f' pIntegral Abutment Bridge Design Guidelines(92 Pages)' p0 [3 J1 C* G0 N' r6 x
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
4 A5 L8 Y. P5 P+ t+ ATable of Contents...........................................................................................................................................vii
! X6 G. Y; m1 w" x) YIntroduction.....................................................................................................................................................xi
' L  \1 d0 W6 ]& Q7 B9 H  N; MSECTION 1 Introduction to Integral Abutment Bridges...............................................................................1-1
6 [' w, Q7 p8 D1.1 Integral Abutment Bridge................................................................................................................1-1* b# f# I8 p" `( G. x! t
1.2 Difference from Conventional Bridges............................................................................................1-1
8 T; T) `5 S2 J1 n/ Z1.3 Document Precedence.....................................................................................................................1-1
$ K$ Z1 ?/ ~/ Y1 x0 H" K5 I; I! K1.4 Definitions......................................................................................................................................1-1
/ P; i: N/ U- h0 T7 q, d) L+ P1.5 Notation..........................................................................................................................................1-33 ]$ @6 a4 d0 N6 ?0 z1 J6 B8 b
SECTION 2 General Design and Location Features.....................................................................................2-1
0 w& a- J/ y- ]% C% S2.1 First Choice.....................................................................................................................................2-1, O6 D3 ^. p! v; L: `
2.2 Structure Geometrical Criteria.........................................................................................................2-1
8 L' F1 k  C# g& O" @, U' ?  ~2.2.1 Criteria for the Simplified Design Method.............................................................................2-1
% H+ s0 l; P& g/ t+ \2.2.2 Detailed Design for Projects That Exceed the Criteria for Simplified Design......................2-2
2 J4 p* G* l; r: o2.2.3 Semi-Integral, Jointed and Other Structural Alternatives......................................................2-2
5 ~# B& u9 y  g# b+ x2.3 Laying out the Bridge......................................................................................................................2-3; s, r3 N  k5 I3 e9 z
2.3.1 Conventional Layout..............................................................................................................2-3% l& I4 ~" p$ r1 v$ d' y3 _: {7 a
2.3.2 Ideal Layout...........................................................................................................................2-3
' S4 N- a2 [/ m$ A3 I2.4 Hydraulic RequirementS.................................................................................................................2-53 \$ \. i4 y4 `' ?: v
2.4.1 Scour Considerations..............................................................................................................2-6
3 r( J2 D9 f; d0 P2.4.2 Cofferdam Requirements.......................................................................................................2-6
! u5 o) k1 o! R0 O7 P% }. |, F2.5 Geotechnical...................................................................................................................................2-6
% |+ }* d" a4 w% `$ U9 O! n8 {0 R- vSECTION 3 Loads........................................................................................................................................3-1
5 L* v% A+ @+ R4 @) G% Y% u3.1 General Information........................................................................................................................3-1) ]9 M' W& ?# x- X/ D
3.2 Application of Loads.......................................................................................................................3-1* I, t1 u5 m% M5 ~/ @+ A5 [, Z; F
3.2.1 Construction Stage.................................................................................................................3-1
4 y0 G8 f2 Y2 u" R- k3.2.1.1 Permanent Dead Loads on Pile Cap..............................................................................3-1
" Q, D# g; n- v% _! ?# {4 C3.2.1.2 Construction Dead and Live Loads...............................................................................3-1. `3 `5 e0 c1 t
3.2.1.3 Permanent Dead Load on Piles.....................................................................................3-1
7 F$ b& i: X/ E+ o3 u3.2.2 Final Stage.............................................................................................................................3-1! s9 A9 _& C/ j+ X6 c5 Y! {
3.2.2.1 Composite Permanent Dead Loads...............................................................................3-2* ?) V8 N' h7 J& |6 M0 a3 D+ \
3.2.2.2 Live Loads....................................................................................................................3-2' ]* i! e+ i4 \8 l" r2 k
3.2.2.3 Longitudinal Effects.....................................................................................................3-2
& ^8 f% h3 \& y% Q  z5 c- b5 s' U3.2.2.4 Earth Loads...................................................................................................................3-2+ y* i/ W+ [( A. l" O+ z
SECTION 4 Structural Analysis and Evaluation...........................................................................................4-1# d8 I7 d+ M" U  Q$ D# W
4.1 General Information........................................................................................................................4-1
. J! g% A' f* ~) E% w; M4.2 Structural Design Criteria................................................................................................................4-1
& t! y+ V* D  m5 j+ T) A' G0 B  Z; T4.3 Design Methodology......................................................................................................................4-1
$ b( B) r+ P7 H: C1 h) u4.3.1 Simplified Design Method.....................................................................................................4-1* m4 F* I, P1 X0 l; t4 T
4.3.2 Detailed Design......................................................................................................................4-2# [$ \% R! s1 U6 `# i
4.4 Superstructure.................................................................................................................................4-20 x# l( @8 W/ H# j0 i
4.4.1 Bridge End and Anchorage General Details..........................................................................4-2
, s7 Z. Z1 ]1 B( C. m7 G4.5 Substructure....................................................................................................................................4-3
) K2 A! i1 D  L0 G1 ~# y8 F4.5.1 Abutment Movement..............................................................................................................4-3) E) l1 a& X5 L6 ?! V( ]
4.5.1.1 Thermal Movement.......................................................................................................4-3$ G/ [0 l, E; Y0 |* d
4.5.1.2 Shrinkage and Creep.....................................................................................................4-4  I: d1 u1 ~8 ^
. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division
2 U$ a1 q2 j* Y/ gVermont Agency of Transportation- d; k% {* K: h# Q
viii 2008VTRANS INTEGRAL ABUTMENT DESIGN GUIDELINE
" ?- _2 L8 o* J* y# K; h. L# f+ R  [4.5.1.3 Total Allowable Movement..........................................................................................4-44 \. g% E/ ~2 L8 V
4.5.1.4 Grade of Steel...............................................................................................................4-4; \- \7 b" n* J' h2 C1 q3 r& h
4.5.1.5 Pile Selection................................................................................................................4-4
% D. r: O1 |0 B! V; J! f4.5.1.6 Pile Orientation.............................................................................................................4-99 j" l# e8 `$ _3 m8 j
4.5.2 Pile Design............................................................................................................................4-9
& Q) ]0 m& b' t3 }( t( o4.5.2.1 L-Pile Software Analysis............................................................................................4-119 _4 ]2 \+ f. C/ ?2 D2 v8 r
4.5.2.1.1 Lateral Load at Pile Head.......................................................................................4-114 Q/ C9 o5 r% A$ d$ d7 e0 r
4.5.2.1.2 Pile Deflection and Moment..................................................................................4-11# c2 j' k5 p$ D9 R8 x# w
4.5.2.1.3 Unbraced Lengths..................................................................................................4-12
" a2 X. n, i: P, S4.5.2.1.4 Depth to Fixity.......................................................................................................4-12  `5 r0 b2 u8 k* v7 [
4.5.2.2 Combined Axial Compression and Flexure................................................................4-16
2 g" S* ~- z* L, @' W, U4.5.3 Pile Cap...............................................................................................................................4-16
& P' T% m9 V) n' p7 z4.5.4 Wingwall Design..................................................................................................................4-16
' [: W. y; N% ?. E0 g5 {! w4.6 Project Notes and Special Provisions............................................................................................4-16
, W1 ^/ j2 Y4 j9 B% \" H4.7 Load Rating..................................................................................................................................4-16, M  n2 t0 V7 H2 ^9 o
SECTION 5 Concrete Structures...................................................................................................................5-1
% e$ |9 S& u2 o4 w5.1 General Information........................................................................................................................5-1
" }9 w5 r. r' U$ m8 P5.2 Prestress Superstructure Specific Details........................................................................................5-1
% [% [. i; B2 K: D5 H5.2.1 Voided Slab and Box Beam Bridge Decks............................................................................5-1& \" H. B( i* e! a5 k- @; Q; S/ e; e" U
5.2.2 Northeast Bulb-T (NEBT)......................................................................................................5-2
6 S# H  P! c0 _' u% B: J5.2.2.1 Cast-In-Place Concrete Slab Decks..............................................................................5-4
" y  b. F0 N3 A8 _! ]5.2.3 Design for Frame Action (Negative Moment) at Ends of Deck.............................................5-4
1 [( ^0 m1 ~3 m( JSECTION 6 Steel Structures........................................................................................................................6-1
+ D' N8 _2 R. j1 c4 S6 C$ p6.1 General Information........................................................................................................................6-1. u& u4 r1 ^. G1 W$ U! W6 D
6.2 Steel Girder Specific Details...........................................................................................................6-1
1 @2 b' N: v" H2 Z0 `5 u( d+ nSECTION 7 Aluminum Structures................................................................................................................7-1& X  b6 o4 H) h8 f( c3 D
7.1 General Information........................................................................................................................7-13 \2 p1 {4 x. n. q- d" l
SECTION 8 Wood Structures.......................................................................................................................8-1/ P( Y+ O. z* K& s3 X4 |8 w0 h( e* w
8.1 General Information........................................................................................................................8-1
" {1 O  i- w  D0 O+ aSECTION 9 Deck and Deck Systems............................................................................................................9-1: G9 `3 h* [  E$ W. p9 P
9.1 General Information........................................................................................................................9-1
6 o7 U) `. C$ p( ]/ E+ HSECTION 10 Foundations..........................................................................................................................10-19 b& o/ T" E7 s8 Q: V
10.1 Initial Considerations................................................................................................................10-1
7 j' M+ ~, {) e5 p" d10.1.1 Geotechnical Exploration.....................................................................................................10-1
. I) ~7 b$ D, I# [+ t- O$ l10.1.2 Pile Design and Verification................................................................................................10-1  E' g! I* C) [% i- ]4 @
10.1.3 Required Information for Contract Documents....................................................................10-1
/ i) x! }4 g$ a10.2 Selecting a Pile for Integral Abutments....................................................................................10-1
1 g! v2 E; ^" o% H3 \10.2.1 Loads on Piles......................................................................................................................10-1# E9 }9 j& r- L* m9 F6 H
10.2.2 Pile Cap Geometry...............................................................................................................10-2
% H/ h1 t' s3 S! A. W( t; X% L10.2.2.1 Number of Piles and Pile Spacing..............................................................................10-2
' w8 g" a" D8 w# J* C' K10.2.2.2 Pile Groups.................................................................................................................10-28 e, H  K( d3 ]  ?) f7 O- G
10.2.2.3 Pile Length Requirement............................................................................................10-2
7 `1 m. k: U" G& r10.3 Service Limit State....................................................................................................................10-2) m; a) s3 z) x
10.4 Strength Limit State..................................................................................................................10-2. H" g8 b' s* V. X/ ~( k/ n
10.4.1 Nominal Structural Pile Resistance (NSPR)........................................................................10-3$ w) i2 j' m) r2 M5 p2 T
10.4.2 Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR)..............................................................................10-31 z: ~. m8 M7 Z; y# O: q% O1 Y
10.4.3 Downdrag and Other Losses to Geotechnical Strength.......................................................10-3$ o/ Y5 g" C- s. V7 H& M
10.4.4 Strength Limit State Resistance Factors for Driven Piles....................................................10-3
( _1 o/ e' O0 `* s0 x6 J/ N+ _0 a. 2009 by the Structures Section, Program Development Division" {& c6 R  k; \# f3 T9 v7 E1 M
Vermont Agency of Transportation! A5 l! J$ X6 b% l3 Y  t# Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
5 t  f  _' z. v; l10.5 Pile Driving Analysis................................................................................................................10-4
4 Z* X6 ^2 E% Q) _- R- I" x) _10.5.1 Pile Driving Concerns..........................................................................................................10-40 u1 Y& G2 G. {3 U, ~
10.5.2 Maximum Pile Driving Stress..............................................................................................10-4
0 I  T8 L- Q+ f0 l1 q10.5.3 Nominal Pile Driving Resistance (NPDR)...........................................................................10-55 q! k- ^# M7 _  N
10.5.3.1 Verification of the Nominal Axial Pile Resistance (NAPR) in Compression............10-5; ~. ~, {4 d9 l6 Z( Z; j
10.5.4 Resistance Factors for Verifying the NAPR........................................................................10-55 s; o* r  b4 n( q
10.6 Design Steps for Piles...............................................................................................................10-66 m% l  u, `  {1 b7 ^: B
SECTION 11 Abutment, Piers and Walls....................................................................................................11-1
. _8 }6 Z, ^4 y& u) V5 U- J11.1 General Information..................................................................................................................11-1
1 X. q( g% v- p2 e; WSECTION 12 Buried Structures and Tunnel Liners....................................................................................12-1; u4 S6 y/ x: k+ O' y; b% z; G" e4 A  y" f
12.1 General Information..................................................................................................................12-1
6 Z; w2 v3 h) @! H4 kSECTION 13 Railings................................................................................................................................13-1
6 _3 L7 T+ b1 k2 J5 l13.1 General Information..................................................................................................................13-1" {1 l3 X) a* [3 F9 N' |
SECTION 14 Joints and Bearings...............................................................................................................14-1
1 M. r7 P6 h" ^2 W14.1 General Information..................................................................................................................14-1
& D' {' D* }% fSECTION 15 Summary..............................................................................................................................15-18 T5 ~$ s" Z2 s+ r  T( g
SECTION 16 References............................................................................................................................16-12 G0 X5 j/ N/ f1 d5 Z# Y! |; L
16.1 General Information..................................................................................................................16-18 y' T1 ^( P: k) h% P
16.2 Performance.............................................................................................................................16-1. J- P: Y* t4 ]( A, N' j
16.3 Design Issues............................................................................................................................16-2
) U) O% i) b- S7 ~16.4 Analysis....................................................................................................................................16-2
/ z/ \& g- ?6 M% U5 }7 o. P% U4 T16.5 Approach Slabs.........................................................................................................................16-2
! G8 r  L6 w4 G5 w2 D/ `16.6 Forces.......................................................................................................................................16-26 g& A5 i0 y7 l1 o
16.7 State Manual References...........................................................................................................16-38 X9 T1 _& a, D" }( i+ e
Appendix A Design Outline.............................................................................................................................16 p) D6 c; `& g6 O+ E2 T' O# |
Appendix B Design Example...........................................................................................................................15 ]3 |; z9 O" a
Notes:..........................................................................................................................................................16-12 ]0 f8 ~8 B0 z! y' @9 H* N8 b6 Q
4 M; B* r2 A& z% S$ s- ~
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cjcc 发表于 2011-4-8 23:00:03
INTEGRAL ABUTMENT BRIDGES - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTIBILITY (8 Pages)
( F8 |. K' ^1 B5 x2 G3 w integralabutmentbridges.pdf (368.95 KB, 下载次数: 11, 售价: 1 元堡币)
) `8 E" d0 v# ~, t' A# k) [David I. Harvey, Don W. Kennedy3 c2 a: F" D0 h
Associated Engineering (B.C.) Ltd., Canada: W% H' G6 |) t. h) P7 z
Gordon W. Ruffo) Q8 n+ \% W* R# z/ O- q4 W5 f
Carston-Aimes Construction Consultants Ltd., Canada
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cjcc 发表于 2011-4-8 23:12:33
本帖最后由 cjcc 于 2011-4-8 23:13 编辑
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Integral Abutment Bridges Current Practice in the United States And Canada(20 Pages)
) J3 T; j# ~: `: d+ A2 C# N Integral Abutment Bridges Current Practice in the united states and Canada.pdf (1.44 MB, 下载次数: 28, 售价: 1 元堡币) 5 H) L: h# A9 i/ b

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目录
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cjcc 发表于 2011-4-8 23:18:54
INTEGRAL BRIDGE ABUTMENTS(50 Pages)0 F- H& A. m( B+ [5 M
R. J. Lock
8 C3 w6 V0 H: g" S; V+ Z( Z2 `* ECUED/D-SOILS/TR320 (June 2002)
* }& ^: T; L% l8 nM.Eng. Project Report# F' @. P9 _$ g; p( F. j5 t
INTEGRAL BRIDGE ABUTMENTS.pdf (1.47 MB, 下载次数: 3, 售价: 1 元堡币) . @1 U6 @2 @  J5 x" y
1.0 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................4& ?- }7 F2 \  I  H  B7 I# V
1.1 Purpose and Scope of Project .................................................................................... 5. Y/ n  y* a- u, ^
1.2 Mode of Bridge Movement ....................................................................................... 69 H6 S; R4 [8 O
1.3 Magnitude of Deck Expansion .................................................................................. 61 Q% P1 y' J& Q* N: V) i& y4 r" C
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW - Model Test Procedures...........................................7
6 z/ D( [8 @) [" S1 M. M3 g# q( P0 I2.1 TRL Report 146: Cyclic loading of sand behind integral bridge abutments............. 7
6 h* a8 h+ K. |- ?2.2 Integral Bridges: A fundamental approach to the time-temperature loading problem
/ c" C  h$ Y! e' U7 C! f% S* e4 B(England et al., 2000) .......................................................................................................... 11( O4 r2 q# [% L! \
3.0 EARTH PRESSURES - Experimental Results.................................................13
8 m% u3 X% Q2 E" G& v+ y3.1 BA 42/96 - The Design of Integral Bridges ............................................................ 133 G3 y  z- ~& e  J1 D" `
3.2 TRL Report 146: Cyclic loading of sand behind integral bridge abutments
0 s2 I7 q, Z2 B4 G7 G(Springman et al. 1996) ....................................................................................................... 14% p% n4 P% Q; H! t$ b
3.3 Integral Bridges: A fundamental approach to the time-temperature loading problem
: ?$ s( i, m+ d2 n" z(England et al., 2000) .......................................................................................................... 16% T: P0 h0 S% E0 Z/ R1 |" N
3.4 Experimental and Analytical Investigations of Piles and Abutments of Integral: A1 |  ~) E  t( \9 C
Bridges (Arsoy et al., 2002) ................................................................................................ 19- F" B1 Y2 ^! m- n# _- U
4.0 EARTH PRESSURES - Field Measurements ..................................................20
2 I6 ?7 }& C& L7 S7 A7 F& O$ t4.1 Field tests................................................................................................................. 20
4 I' h, g, E! A! ~4.2 Testing an Integral Steel Frame Bridge: Elgaaly et al., 1992; Skew Effects on
) ]$ S5 P) x" K9 i7 sBackfill Pressures at Integral Bridge Abutments: Sandford & Elgaaly, 1993. ................... 218 H% i7 F$ l$ @6 a' ~4 L) O
4.3 Measurement of thermal cyclic movements on two portal frame bridges on the M1:
/ l0 ]; r( ]$ P3 ^" }Darley & Alderman, 1995 ................................................................................................... 24
; A" _7 D- B+ a0 D4 f: d1 j4.4 Field Study of an Integral Backwall Bridge: Hoppe & Gomez, 1996..................... 244 E+ Z) W. D0 t1 a" k% S
4.5 Seasonal thermal effects over three years on the shallow abutment of an integral! ]' L8 i7 A% h$ V) B
bridge in Glasgow: Darley et al., 1998................................................................................ 26
% v- v) W, u" e4.6 Performance of an integral Bridge over the M1-A1 Link Road at Bramham  b) b+ `& e, s; \& z
Crossroads: Barker & Carder, 2001 .................................................................................... 27
! ^7 [/ A8 R1 y1 X4 c4.7 Field Performance of Integral Abutment Bridge: Lawver et al., 2000.................... 28
* m' R2 ~( _5 D0 N1 A( {. |4.8 Integral Bridge in West Lafayette, Indiana. Frosch, 2002....................................... 29
: i4 D" K  g: y, \* ]4.9 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion......................................................................... 305 q9 u* i. o6 L4 v3 G$ m' A
4.10 Influence of deck compression................................................................................ 31: j# q. i9 Z' E4 j" e
5.0 SETTLEMENT - Experimental Results ...........................................................33/ w6 q/ a, H" Z1 C2 D
5.1 BA 42/96 - The Design of Integral Bridges ............................................................ 33: f7 M/ x; z7 T9 G. K
5.2 TRL Report 146: Cyclic loading of sand behind integral bridge abutments
- y! H; h- b4 p& m(Springman et al. 1996) ....................................................................................................... 33
1 P2 ]5 A, E- ?7 ]! z5.3 Integral Bridges: A fundamental approach to the time-temperature loading problem" t" V. ?3 d5 o2 v% w6 i# r$ A; r
(England et al., 2000) .......................................................................................................... 366 I8 d# g* w; \* H
6.0 SETTLEMENT - Field Measurements.............................................................38( m! u9 V4 }$ k2 V5 I/ s+ @% t. t6 ~
6.1 Highways Agency Maintenance Data ..................................................................... 38" e0 f+ k6 R! z, G: o& D1 e
6.2 Field Studies ............................................................................................................ 402 x- ?6 W& S3 Q; |$ a. T5 T7 r8 w
6.3 Approach Slabs........................................................................................................ 428 H( w3 i* @& o# @1 ?% s
7.0 CONCLUSIONS...............................................................................................44
1 {# Q9 S. f: [# }& q3 w1 D' t7.1 Superstructure.......................................................................................................... 44& R. G7 r2 x  k7 j# v
7.2 Abutment design...................................................................................................... 44
& V4 |( ]. Z# M. n7.3 Settlement mitigation............................................................................................... 453 Z" X+ R7 q2 k. q0 ~+ R' i
8.0 REFERENCES .................................................................................................469 z1 \! f" C8 |* H
9.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS..............................................................................49
2 ~1 e# v' o4 J5 L' T' C5 PAPPENDIX A Earth pressure coefficient definitions .............................................50
3 J- A# K9 j0 X+ ^- t
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cjcc 发表于 2011-4-8 23:36:47
本帖最后由 cjcc 于 2011-4-8 23:38 编辑
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' x6 l5 [$ M' {9 E3 q+ mTHE 2005 – FHWA CONFERENCE 会议论文集(343Pages); I; z  v, O2 H- J& u  z4 h
Integral Abutment and Jointless Bridges
2 V+ s6 q9 e& Y/ S0 P1 X( [(IAJB 2005) March 16 – 18, 2005
1 X, P3 Z! G9 u/ z3 n1 H. UBaltimore, Maryland
9 c# S$ q- S0 F5 w6 D3 V2 ~ Proceeding.part3.rar (753.87 KB, 下载次数: 3, 售价: 1 元堡币)
2 s: Q0 w; c, K Proceeding.part2.rar (2.86 MB, 下载次数: 3, 售价: 1 元堡币) ! y+ ?" N" A5 {( m; y- K$ @$ N
Proceeding.part1.rar (2.86 MB, 下载次数: 3, 售价: 1 元堡币)
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) O7 V5 m& `7 e! ySession I: Current Practices with Design Guidelines and Foundation Design
- S  f/ G2 |; g$ F/ UIntegral Abutment and Jointless Bridges                                                                    * U8 g6 r& Y" W+ d$ }
V. Mistry                               3
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Integral Abutments and Jointless Bridges (IAJB)          2004 Survey Summary          ! p. ~' W& J, C
R. Maruri, S.Petro                 12
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1 C' |, ^1 h6 f' p1 m. F* G0 p0 W* VThe In-Service Behavior of Integral Abutment Bridges:  Abutment-Pile Response   
0 g4 H4 \$ l+ aR. Frosch, M. Wenning, V. Chovichien 304 u6 D: J' K9 b0 l4 @

9 U9 K' w* {, [5 iNew York State Department of Transportation's Experience with Integral Abutment Bridges3 ^( ^8 p# h$ a' s3 r% e
A. Yannotti, S. Alampalli, H. White        41
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Integral Abutment Design and Construction: The New England Experience            
$ N% P% r" W4 a8 j4 M D. Conboy, E. Stoothoff                        50
' |: O2 C6 j4 Z# i" E4 M. Y, Q3 b, z1 m; ]( n6 f
VDOT Integral Bridge Design Guidelines                                                                  
. X6 S# Y9 l0 D: ]* a( vK. Weakley                                            61
7 Z- ]8 \5 A; J" T7 ]9 ?8 b
+ X( e' y2 i; G1 M, T3 HSession II: Case Studies% J9 g1 f4 A, J( V
Case Study: A Jointless Structure to Replace the Belt Parkway Bridge  Over Ocean Parkway
, z0 `7 L) {% `& B S. Jayakumaran, M. Bergmann, S. Ashraf, C. Norrish 73
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$ J$ U# L9 I0 d1 H3 [7 t( }) A5 eCase Study – Jointless Bridge Beltrami County State Aid Highway 33 Over Mississippi River in Ten Lake Township,
9 ~; q) T9 {! ~" e2 D9 |) F/ u Minnesota J. Wetmore, B. Peterson                             846 u( ?7 y5 o9 ^1 z( _6 z' n1 N
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Design and Construction of Dual 630-foot, Jointless, Three-spanContinuous Multi-girder Bridges in St. Albans, West Virginia,/ O" k0 [" T7 J; X0 Y# G
United States, Carrying U.S. Route 60 over the Coal River# S1 t! R) G& B4 Q
J. Perkun, K. Michael                                                  97
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Integral Abutment Bridges with FRP Decks – Case Studies
# x6 s7 a0 M! H# W( OV. Shekar, S. Aluri, H. GangaRao                             113
4 `8 C; }, s: H4 o. e1 {, k2 ^4 M( d
New Mexico’s Practice and Experience in Using Continuous Spans for Jointless Bridges' Y+ A4 Q2 X# ~) ]6 P2 @: @5 b
S. Maberry, J. Camp, J. Bowser                            125
: \' A5 n& J* a/ A1 c8 c
* Z7 ]- z& a2 w6 x  R# xIntegral Abutment Bridges – Iowa and Colorado Experience
3 }& }: M, i0 P( } D. Liu, R. Magliola, K. Dunker                               136
" D! e- z5 Z- F& ?# ]7 o- P
, F& u" B  R: ?9 X0 ~) BMoose Creek Bridge – Case Study of a prefabricated Integral Abutment Bridge in Canada3 {2 ]& P# o4 G5 F
I. Husain, B. Huh, J. Low, M. McCormick                 148, F7 {# M0 i0 r- J! L
Session III: Maintenance and Rehabilitation; Y0 k. o1 Z; A' f0 b
Session IV: Construction Practices! u# j+ ]7 K0 A5 j/ D4 i4 y
Author Index
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hewenlong2... 发表于 2011-4-9 10:52:38
what‘s   this  dongdong?

点评

同上,,,眼花。。。就像看到最新2010美国新规范一样的感觉,下了也看不懂。。。  发表于 2011-6-17 11:34
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greetingpi... 发表于 2011-4-16 17:57:35
一般银看不懂 this dongdong costs too much
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cjcc 发表于 2011-4-16 23:24:12
回复 greetingpine 的帖子4 T  }9 N: }8 R) a1 O

# `. F% H' K3 v6 P" L加钱其实只是为了防止被人随便转到其他论坛上,要不我就把级别弄高点
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joppasd123... 发表于 2011-6-7 14:03:16
本帖最后由 joppasd1230895 于 2011-6-7 14:03 编辑 2 j0 B2 v1 e) D+ q6 V
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. ?. s+ ^' z& l9 f这篇贴和 子菁版主的 美国道路桥梁深度考察报告$ [  j5 B: p/ ]- x+ D+ O% j9 ]2 |
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联合起来看,来了解国外的桥梁设计方法。
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wilfordlee 发表于 2011-6-17 11:43:48
我觉得。。。国内很多地方的设计,虽然一部分原因是设计理念的差距,这部分差距是很大,但是另一个很重要的原因是市场的因素
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dongd 发表于 2012-3-2 11:19:13
工程投入、历史积累、理念等多方面的差距
4 m) t  r+ g1 |: D  g有对比才有进步,取长补短。
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